Firm value and share price strategy Essay

BAE confronting difficulties on Intensive rivalry and spending safeguard cuts by their significant clients should concentrate on expanding shareholders’ value by decrease of costs, adjusting abilities to the changing needs of their clients and improve their Program execution. Executives should screen working capital consumptions to guarantee that pointless further obligation would be brought about that definitely affects book esteems. Higher book esteems (stockholders’ value) go about as a positive in a buyer’s appraisal of price tag, somewhat giving at any rate the figment of a story in esteem (Nation’s Business 2006). 4) Recommendations managing corporate administration Currently BAE Systems has confronted issues confronting its investors because of its analysis got on corporate administration and moral lead (Daily Mail 2010). As a suggestion, BAE ought to follow the money related detailing committee (FRC) recommendation on putting more prominent accentuation on the standards of UK’s corporate administration code, and apply the yearly investor re-appointment. This would have a critical effect a more extensive commitment for the company’s investors. An important midyear survey procedure ought to be directed by an outer facilitator to help in the assessment procedure, measurements, for example, load up viability by managing issues in an opportune way ought to be thought of. Having a wide and complex arrangement of activities, data spread in an opportune way is essential to guarantee proper choices. Key execution Indicators ought to be the rule over all the overseeing chiefs and their exhibition will be assessed by correlation of their real outcomes from targets. 5) Critical assessment of the model utilized Using money related models can give genuine figures to projection examination that can make mindfulness for a company’s directorate (Palmgren 1999). The Residual Income Model can be utilized as a valuation of the firm, in view of its complete book worth and leftover pay (Financial Education 2010). During late years it has been utilized as the essential valuation strategy because of its estimation of inner corporate execution and achievable estimation of the inherent estimation of regular stock. The distinction between a leftover salary and customary budget summaries are for the last its motivation of arrangement is to reflect profit accessible to its proprietors, charges acquired for value capital and profits are excluded, while the previous includes the segment of cost of value capital for its count (Dodd 2001). Another restriction of the conventional salary model is that it may not really mirror the estimation of certain business exercises. Such for our situation with BAE system’s various acquisitions, on its bookkeeping model it appears that BAE have fundamentally improved productivity on its methodologies, anyway this couldn't be all bogus, however utilizing the remaining salary approach a portion of the acquisitions doesn’t have the sort of impact, due again to the expense of value capital (Bild, Guest,Cosh and Runsten 2002). 6) Conclusion BAE Systems being in an industry where extraordinary rivalry exists ought to apply essential procedures to guarantee benefit in the coming years both for ceaseless activity and boosting investors value. Their present techniques for procurement may have profited them yet the expense of infringement of guideline strategies have unquestionably affected over all tasks. Utilizing budgetary models like the leftover salary model, the top managerial staff can see, what might occur in the event that they proceed with their present arrangements on corporate system and administration, it has demonstrated a negative effect on present firm’s esteem, in this manner the proposal for thought of another powerful procedure to be executed in all cases. Rundown of References BAE Systems (2010) Annual Report 2009.[PDF] Available from < http://bae-frameworks speculator relations-2009. creation. investis. com/results-reports-and-introductions. aspx> [09 May 2010]. Brylawski, M. (1995). Building up a situation based Innovation Strategy for a Midsized Aerospace Manufacturer:Fostering Entreprenuership, Opening Boundaries and Seeding Disruption. [PDF] Available from <http://dspace. mit. edu/bitstream/handle/1721. 1/34748/56606619. pdf? sequence=1>. [09 May 2010]. Bild, M. , Guest,P. , Cosh, A. , and Runsten, M. (2002). Do takeovers make esteem? A lingering salary approach on UK information. [PDF] Daily Mail (2010). BAE flies into storm with investors. Accessible from <http://www. thisismoney. co. uk/markets/article. html? in_article_id=503922&in_page_id= 3>. [09 May 2010]. Dodd, J. (2001). Working pay, remaining pay and EVA: Which metric is more worth applicable. Diary of Managerial Issues. Money related Education (2010). The Residual Income Valuation Model. Accessible from < http://monetary training. com/2007/10/30/the-leftover salary valuation-model/> [09 May 2010]. Money related Times (2010). FT Market Data BAE Systems. Accessible from < http://markets. ft. com/ft/tearsheets/examination. asp? s=BA.:LSE>. [09 May 2010]. Nation’s Business (1996). 10 different ways to expand your firm’s esteem †Net Worth. Accessible from < http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1154/is_n11_v84/ai_18818240/>. [09 May 2010]. Palmgren, B. (1999). The Need for Financial Models. Accessible from < http://www. ercim. eu/distribution/Ercim_News/enw38/palmgren. html>. [09 May 2010]. Smith, T and Frost,L. (2008). BAE Buys Tenix Defense to Double Sales in Australia. [Online] Available from <http://www. bloomberg. com/applications/news? sid=aV7YIxXunPvs&pid=20601087> [09 May 2010]. Wachman, R. (2010). BAE Systems hit by barrier cuts. Accessible from < http://www. watchman. co. uk/business/2010/deface/22/bae-frameworks resistance spending-cuts> [09 May 2010]. West, K (2010). BAE goes top of the worldwide arms class. [Online] Available from <http://www. thisismoney. co. uk/news/article. html? in_article_id=502716&in_page_id=2> [09 May 2010]. Addendums Appendix 1 Multi year Summary Income Statement of BAE Systems. Source: recovered 9 May 2010 Extract from Annual Report 2009 http://bae-frameworks financial specialist relations-2009. creation. investis. com/budgetary data/five-year-rundown. aspx Appendix 2 Group Income Statement. Source: Extract from Annual Report 2009 for the year finished 31 December. Recovered 10 May 2010 http://bae-frameworks financial specialist relations-2009. creation. investis. com/money related data/bunch pay proclamation. aspx Notes 2009 ?m Total 2009 ?m 2008 ?m Total 2008 ?m Continuing activities Combined deals of Group and value accounted speculations 3 22,415 18,543 Less: portion of deals of value accounted ventures 3 (2,041) (1,872) Revenue 3 20,374 16,671 Operating costs 4 (20,060) (15,386) Other salary 5 465 415 Group working benefit barring amortization and hindrance of elusive resources 2,038 2,003. Amortization 11 (286) (247) Impairment 11 (973) (56) Group working benefit 779 1,700 Share of consequences of value accounted ventures barring fund expenses and tax collection cost 233 132 Financial (cost)/salary of value accounted speculations 6 (7) 44 Taxation cost of value accounted ventures (23) (37) Share of aftereffects of value accounted speculations 14 203 139 Goodwill disability in regard of value accounted speculations 14 †(121) Contribution from value accounted ventures 203 18 EBITA1 barring non-repeating things 2,220 1,897 Profit on removal of businesses2 9. 68 238 Pension abbreviation gains2 261 †Regulatory penalties3 (278) †EBITA1 2,271 2,135 Amortization (286) (247) Impairments (973) (177) Financial (cost)/pay of value accounted speculations 6 (7) 44 Taxation cost of value accounted ventures (23) (37) Operating benefit 3 982 1,718 Finance costs 6 Financial pay 1,573 3,380 Financial cost (2,273) (2,727) (700) 653 Profit before tax collection 282 2,371 Taxation cost 8 UK tax collection (105) (351) Overseas tax assessment (222) (252) (327) (603) (Loss)/benefit for the year (45) 1,768 Attributable to: BAE Systems investors (67) 1,745 Minority premiums 22 23 (45) 1,768 (Loss)/income per share 10 Basic (misfortune)/profit per share (1. 9)p 49. 6p Diluted (misfortune)/profit per share (1. 9)p 49. 5p Appendix 3 Group Balance Sheet as at 31 December. Source: Extract from Annual Report 2009. Recovered 10 May 2010 http://bae-frameworks financial specialist relations-2009. creation. investis. com/money related data/asset report. aspx Notes 2009 ?m 2008 Restated ?m Fixed resources Tangible resources 2 4 5 Investments in auxiliary endeavors 3 7,070 5,663 7,074 5,668 Current resources Debtors due inside one year 4. 7,468 9,339 Debtors due following one year 4 14 3 Other money related resources due inside one year 262 703 Other monetary resources due following one year 5 179 478 Cash at bank and close by 5 2,804 1,988 10,725 12,511 Liabilities falling due inside one year Loans and overdrafts 6 (37) (49) Creditors 7 (14,490) (12,873) Other budgetary liabilities 5 (255) (598) (14,782) (13,520) Net current liabilities (4,057) (1,009) Total resources less current liabilities 3,017 4,659 Liabilities falling due following one year Loans 6 (233) (258) Creditors 7 (3) (6) Other budgetary liabilities 5 (327) (574). (563) (838) Provisions for liabilities and charges 8 (61) (120) (2,393) (3,701) Capital and stores Issued share capital 10 90 Share premium record 12 1,243 1,238 Statutory save 13 202 Other stores 12 119 164 Profit and misfortune account 12 739 2,007 Equity shareholders’ reserves 2,393 3,701 Appendix 4 Group Cash Flow for the year finished 31 December. Source: Extract from Annual Report 2009. Recovered 10 May 2010 http://bae-frameworks financial specialist relations-2009. creation. investis. com/money related data/income. aspx Notes 2009 ?m 2008 ?m (Loss)/benefit for the year (45) 1,768. Tax collection cost 327 603 Share of consequences of value accounted ventures 14 (203) (139) Net money costs 700 (653) Depreciation,

Free Essays on Wicca, The Religion

As indicated by (Larson), an expected 9 million ladies and young ladies met passing by fire between the long periods of 1300 and 1700 for rehearsing black magic. In the eighteenth century, 19 speculated witches were executed in Salem, Massachusetts. In spite of such extraordinary countermeasures, the mysterious ceremonies of black magic are broadly drilled today around the globe (p. 464). Wicca is a religion that has been around for quite a while. There are a wide range of sorts of Wicca, however the foundation in all off them is the equivalent. The more settled and notable Wiccans factions incorporate; Gardnerian, Alexandrian, Faerie, Blue Star, Georgian and the American Welsh. The individuals who practice Wicca are called Wiccans. Wiccans are accepted to be a faction that loves the Devil. The word Wicca can be characterized as turned, bowed, or distorted. Wicca is known for its back to nature religion that venerates the sky and Earth. As noted on (Fortunecity), Wicca is an agnostic religion containing customs of England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. (Agnostic religion family incorporates Druidism, Asatru, Egyptian, Greek, and Roman). The underlying foundations of Wicca can be followed much further back to Paleolithic people groups who adored a Hunter God and a Fertility Goddess. Cavern works of art found in France (and dated at 30,000 years of age) portray a man wi th the leader of a stag, and a lady with a swollen, pregnant tummy. They remain around with eleven humans. These prime examples of the awesome are adored by Wiccans right up 'til today. The laws against Witchcraft were revoked in England, in 1951. Gerald Gardner was the first to come into the open eye with a depiction of what present day witches were rehearsing. In the works of (Heart), Gerald Gardner assumed control and lead Witchcraft, or Wicca over from the shadow and into the light. His data originated from the customs of a coven called the New Forest Witches, and from Ceremonial Magick and the Cabballah. He started what is currently called the Gardnerian Tradition ... Free Essays on Wicca, The Religion Free Essays on Wicca, The Religion As per (Larson), an expected 9 million ladies and young ladies met demise by fire between the long periods of 1300 and 1700 for rehearsing black magic. In the eighteenth century, 19 presumed witches were slaughtered in Salem, Massachusetts. Notwithstanding such extraordinary countermeasures, the mysterious customs of black magic are broadly drilled today around the globe (p. 464). Wicca is a religion that has been around for quite a while. There are a wide range of sorts of Wicca, yet the foundation in all off them is the equivalent. The more settled and notable Wiccans groups incorporate; Gardnerian, Alexandrian, Faerie, Blue Star, Georgian and the American Welsh. The individuals who practice Wicca are called Wiccans. Wiccans are accepted to be a religion that venerates the Devil. The word Wicca can be characterized as turned, bowed, or distorted. Wicca is known for its back to nature religion that venerates the sky and Earth. As noted on (Fortunecity), Wicca is an agnostic religion containing customs of England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. (Agnostic religion family incorporates Druidism, Asatru, Egyptian, Greek, and Roman). The underlying foundations of Wicca can be followed considerably further back to Paleolithic people groups who loved a Hunter God and a Fertility Goddess. Cavern compositions found in France (and dated at 30,000 years of age) portray a man with the leader of a stag, and a lady with a swollen, pregnant gut. They remain around with eleven humans. These originals of the perfect are loved by Wiccans right up 'til the present time. The laws against Witchcraft were canceled in England, in 1951. Gerald Gardner was the first to come into the open eye with a depiction of what present day witches were rehearsing. In the works of (Heart), Gerald Gardner assumed control and lead Witchcraft, or Wicca once more from the shadow and into the light. His data originated from the conventions of a coven called the New Forest Witches, and from Ceremonial Magick and the Cabballah. He started what is presently called the Gardnerian Tradition ...

Blog Archive May 2018 Event Roundup

Blog Archive May 2018 Event Roundup Are you applying to business school this year? If so, you can enroll in one of our free business school workshops, which are offered both online and in person in major cities across the country! This May, the event lineup includes the following sessions: May 1 All Your MBA Questions Answered: How Do I Write a Standout MBA Essay? (Online) How can you write essays that grab the attention of MBA admissions committees? In this session, mbaMission will use this simple but often perplexing question as the starting point to a workshop for prospective business school applicants. Attendees will walk through a series of exercises that challenge them to uncover their personal and nuanced stories, craft compelling opening statements, develop meaningful goal statements, connect their goals to their target school’s resources, and more. May 2 All Your MBA Questions Answered: Top MBA Admissions Directors Answer Your Questions! During the final installment of our six-part series, mbaMission’s founder/president, Jeremy Shinewald, will facilitate a QA session with admissions directors at four of the top-5 business schools in the United States. Jeremy will take and share questions from attendees, while Bruce DelMonico (assistant dean and director of admissions at Yale SOM), Amanda Carlson (assistant dean of admissions at CBS),  Kelsey Bergren (assistant director of admissions outreach at Chicago Booth) and Dawna Levenson (director of admissions at MIT Sloan) offer invaluable insight and advice. May 16 Choosing The Right B-School (Online)   During this event, we will elaborate on areas that will profoundly affect both your academic life and your social life in business school, including flexibility of a program’s curriculum, breadth of core courses, different methods of instruction, and varying sizes of the cohorts. Start preparing now so you can be sure to make an educated decision when you apply! May 17 Assessing Your MBA Profile (Online) In this session, learn to assess the quantitative and qualitative factors you bring to the table to better anticipate how you might be viewed by the admissions committee at the school of your dreams…and what you can do to improve that assessment! May 21 Choosing The Right B-School (NYC) During this event, we will elaborate on areas that will profoundly affect both your academic life and your social life in business school, including flexibility of a program’s curriculum, breadth of core courses, different methods of instruction, and varying sizes of the cohorts. Start preparing now so you can be sure to make an educated decision when you apply! To enroll in one of our  free  seminars, click the event title in the list above. We look forward to having you join us! Share ThisTweet Business School Events mbaMission Events

Inter-Office Memo - 1514 Words

SALEM, OREGON INTER-OFFICE MEMORANDUM To: All Departments, and Officer Employees From: Colonel Pat Bacon, Director of the State Police Department Date: May 21, 2014 Subject: Planting Evidence, Perjury, and Falsifying Police Reports It has come to the attention of this department that there have been reports of questionable conduct from some of our officer employees. Police officers that are supposed to enforce the law, at times become more aggressive than the criminals themselves. How much corruption there is and knowing its characteristics are important steps to understanding corruption and then being able to successfully control corruption without illegal means is what is done. We uphold the laws, not†¦show more content†¦Thirdly, the detective had participated in the cover-up came clean in court. Detective Luna should have spoken to his superior’s about everything that had happened, being honest might have saved his career, or not, no one can know for sure. Finally, the gun showing up some thirty months later, the gun should have been in lock-up, with the availability to get to right away without it being challenged in court, and without the implication that because of the deceitfulness of the officers, they could have planted the defendant fingerprints on the gun. Had they done more research on this man, even if it might have taken another six months, they would have had the evidence, legal evidence to put the drug dealer away and a man may have not lost his life. Values: Are important in relation to our vision in law enforcement, are the embodiment of what we stand for and what should be the basis of law enforcement behavior. O’Brien Integrity: Is the selfless service that puts the welfare of others first before our own, and all who serve the citizens must resist temptation to pursue self-gain, personal advantages, and self-interest ahead of the common good. 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Please note that all times should be stated in your time zone and you must check your time zone box below. Our offices are open Monday - Friday 9am-7pm EST / Saturday 9am-4pm EST. Student Full Name: Type full name Phone: Type phone number Student Email Address: Type email address 1st Choice of Date: 1st Choice of Time: Indicate your time zone Type time Time zone:Read MoreThe Polarity of a Man (Fight Club)1364 Words   |  6 Pagesof his life gives him strict boundaries to live by. His job is to go around and examine horrible car wrecks and determine if the vehicle needs to be recalled. He observes the aftermath of vehicular violence with as much dispassion as another inter-office memo passing across his desk. Death and violence are trivialized by the brutal nature of his job. He subconsciously yearns for death and violence to be tangible, not something he witnesses after the fact. One sleepless night, he decides to go into

Frankenstein Comparison to the Rime of the Acient Mariner...

Frankenstein is Mary Shelley’s famous, fictional work in which a man unravels the secret to creating life. The main character in this story is Victor Frankenstein. Throughout the novel he grows from a young, innocent boy into a vindictive, vengeful man. He oversteps the bounds of science by becoming the creator of a being that never should have lived. In the poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, written by Samuel Coleridge, a man, much like Victor, takes the role of the main character. The ancient mariner, by killing the albatross, violates the laws of nature and has to repent for his crime. These two characters are very similar but they also vary in several key ways. Both characters have issues with knowledge. Frankenstein is†¦show more content†¦Victor travels multiple times throughout the story in order to be alone with his work. This is extremely apparent when he is creating the monster; he is paranoid and unsociable. The Mariner is obviously very isolated because eventually all his ship mates die and he alone is left alive to be tormented. This is shown when the mariner tells the wedding guest â€Å"O Wedding-Guest! This soul hath been/ Alone on a wide sea/ So lonely ‘twas, that God himself/ Scarce seemed there to be† (7.19.597-600). Both Victor and the mariner respond the same way to their isolation. Victor eventually goes mad and the mariner becomes a very bizarre and mysterious man after his journey. While Victor’s isolation is self-imposed and under his control, it is the Mariner’s curse which forces his alienation and compels him to continually relate his tale. Again, Victor’s situation is due to his conscious choice, while the mariner’s is the result of an impulsive, unthinking act. Both of these pieces of literature reflect the characteristics and values of the Romantic period in several ways. The elevation of Nature is represented in both works through the theme of the havoc that humans cause when they interfere with the natural order. It is very easy to tell that Mary Shelley was influenced by this value of the Romantic period when writing Frankenstein. In the story, Victor figures out the secret of creating life while watching nature. He also goes

`` For Cause And Comrades `` By Kathryn Shively Meir Of...

Using firsthand accounts of people’s lives, such as letters and diaries, gives the reader the ability to experience the writer’s thoughts, feelings, hopes, and dreams. This tactic was used by two authors to use these firsthand accounts for differing outcomes. Author James McPherson provides a comprehensive analysis of the Civil War using over 25,000 letters and 250 private diaries in his book, For Cause and Comrades: Why Men Fought in the Civil War. McPherson in his book answers to age-old questions; who was the common soldier and why did soldiers fight – what was their motivation? While McPherson answers these questions, another author uses diaries and letters of Civil War soldiers to understand the physical side of war. Author Kathryn†¦show more content†¦Other historians have used similar sources to analyze soldiers’ thoughts, emotions, and actions of Civil War soldiers. However, none has diagramed and picked apart the diaries and letters with the same questions as McPherson, such as why the men enlisted and fought in such a bloody war. Some historians believed that most of Civil War soldiers were unaware of why they were fighting. However, it has been found that in soldiers letters and diaries that soldiers did have a sense of the ideological ideas that caused the war. Troops on both sides of the war were very aware of the issues that were at stake, and it concerned them greatly. This was a civil war that would define the fate of a nation or even two. This war would shape American society and each person in it. Civil War soldiers lived in the world’s most politicized and democratic country in the mid-nineteenth century. They had come of age in the 1850s when highly charged partisan and ideological debates consumed the American polity†. (pg 92) Men enlisted in the war for not only patriotic reasons but also ideological; these beliefs did not vanish after becoming a soldier. â€Å"The spread-eagle speeches they heard at recruiting rallies merely reinforced the ideas they had absorbed from the politica l culture in which they had grown up. And their army experiences reinforced these ideas even more powerfully.† (pg 92) Men not only heard the speeches but also read what was printed in

Valuation Of Investment Property And The Urban Built †Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Valuation Of Investment Property And The Urban Built. Answer: Calculating Net present value method and a required rate of return of 8% to determine, which project should the Company accepted: Year Project A Discounting rate PV 0 (11,000.00) 1.00 (11,000.00) 1 1,000.00 0.93 925.93 2 2,000.00 0.86 1,714.68 3 3,000.00 0.79 2,381.50 4 4,000.00 0.74 2,940.12 5 5,000.00 0.68 3,402.92 NPV 365.14 Year Project B Discounting rate PV 0 (11,000.00) 1.00 (11,000.00) 1 5,000.00 0.93 4,629.63 2 4,000.00 0.86 3,429.36 3 3,000.00 0.79 2,381.50 4 2,000.00 0.74 1,470.06 5 1,000.00 0.68 680.58 NPV 1,591.12 The overall calculation of NPV mainly helps in identifying the financial viability of the project, which could help in improving financial improvements of the company. The use of NPV valuation could helpful in detecting financial viability of the project and allow management to make adequate investment decisions. From the overall valuation of NPV the overall financial viability of Project B can be identified, as it portrays the higher net present value. However, the required rate of return of 8% mainly helps in depicting the financial performance of the project, which in turn helps in discounting the cash inflow. This discounting measure has mainly allowed the company to detect that project B could provide a NPV of 1,591.12, while project A provides 365.14 value. Hence, it could be understood that using project B would allow the firm to increase its value in future and generate high level of returns from investment. In addition, the cash flow of project B is relevantly at the levels, which help in reducing the negative impact of inflation and time value on its returns. In this context, Almarri Blackwell (2014) argued that NPV valuation mainly reduces its friction when the company does not accurately use discounting rate to evaluate financial viability of the project. Calculating payback period for each project and depicting which project should be accepted by the company: Year Project A Cum-Cashflow 0 (11,000.00) (11,000.00) 1 1,000.00 (10,000.00) 2 2,000.00 (8,000.00) 3 3,000.00 (5,000.00) 4 4,000.00 (1,000.00) 5 5,000.00 4,000.00 Payback period 4.20 Year Project B Cum-Cashflow 0 (11,000.00) (11,000.00) 1 5,000.00 (6,000.00) 2 4,000.00 (2,000.00) 3 3,000.00 1,000.00 4 2,000.00 3,000.00 5 1,000.00 4,000.00 Payback period 2.67 In addition, from the overall payback period valuation the company can identify the project, which could quickly pay its investment value. In addition, the payback period calculation mainly indicate that project B needs least years to payback the initial investment amount. However, project A mainly needs 4.2 years for paying back the initial amount, while predict B needs 2.7 years to payback the value. This relevant increment in payback period value of project B is identified from the high cash inflow, which is provided by the project. However, project A does not provide the relevant cash inflow that could provide high payback of the initial investment. Therefore, from the evaluation and restriction of the organisation, project B should be chosen, as it falls below the required of 3 years of payback period value. Baum Crosby (2014) argued that payback period does not evaluate the time value of income, which does not reduce the negative impact of inflation rate. Sketching cash inflow and outflow of different options presented by the production manager: Option 1 Particulars 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Sales units 60,000 65,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 Sales price 105 110 116 122 128 Cash inflow 6,300,000 7,166,250 8,103,375 9,724,050 11,486,534 Cash outflow - - (400,000) (1,200,000) (2,000,000) Total cash inflow 6,300,000 7,166,250 7,703,375 8,524,050 9,486,534 Option 2 Particulars 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Sales units 60,000 65,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 Sales price 105 110 116 122 128 Cash inflow 6,300,000 7,166,250 8,103,375 9,724,050 11,486,534 Cost of equipment (25,000,000) Annual operating cost (3,000,000) (3,000,000) (3,000,000) (3,000,000) (3,000,000) Salvage value 2,000,000 Total cash inflow 3,300,000 4,166,250 5,103,375 6,724,050 10,486,534 Option 3 Particulars 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Sales units 60,000 65,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 Sales price 105 110 116 122 128 Cash inflow 6,300,000 7,166,250 8,103,375 9,724,050 11,486,534 Equipment cost (35,000,000) Operating cost (2,000,000) (2,000,000) (2,000,000) (2,000,000) (2,000,000) Salvage value 10,000,000 Total cash inflow 4,300,000 5,166,250 6,103,375 7,724,050 19,486,534 Calculating net present value of different options and make recommendations for the company: Option 1 Particulars 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Total cash inflow 6,300,000 7,166,250 7,703,375 8,524,050 9,486,534 Discounting rate 10% NPV 29,149,885.17 Option 2 Particulars 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Total cash inflow 3,300,000 4,166,250 5,103,375 6,724,050 10,486,534 Discounting rate 10% NPV (3,618,647.78) Option 3 Particulars 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Total cash inflow 4,300,000 5,166,250 6,103,375 7,724,050 19,486,534 Discounting rate 10% NPV (4,860,490.43) From the overall evaluation of all the three options it could be identified that option 1is the most viable measure, which is been proposed by the production manager. This measure has the highest value NPV, as the outflow from the production is relatively low. In addition, the options mainly increase the overall value of investment, as cash inflow of the organisation is relatively high. The NPV value of other options is relatively negative, which indicates that the company will not get adequate return from investment. Furthermore, using option 1 could eventually help the Red Rose Company to generate high level of income from investment. Crosby Henneberry (2016) mentioned that with the help of NPV valuation adequate projects are identified, which could help in improving financial performance of the company. In this context, Gotze, Northcott Schuster (2016) further stated that discounting rate are mainly the required rate of minimum return, which is needed by the company to grow its capital. Allocating joint cost of the two products soda and chlorine with the help of sales value at split off method: Allocation for Joint costs using sales value of Splitoff Method Soda Chlorine/Basalt Total Sales value of total production at splitoff cost 75,000.00 150,000.00 225,000.00 Weights 0.33 0.67 Joint cost allocated 666,666.67 1,333,333.33 2,000,000.00 Allocating joint cost of the two products soda and chlorine with the help of physical measure method: Allocation of Joint costs using physical-measure method Soda Chlorine/Basalt Total Physical measure of total production 1,500 1,000 2,500 Weights 0.6 0.4 Joint cost allocated 1,200,000 800,000 2,000,000 Allocating joint cost of the two products soda and chlorine with the help of net realizable method: Allocation of cost using net realizable value method Soda Basalt Total Final sales value of total production during accounting period 75,000.00 250,000,000.00 250,075,000.00 Deducting separable cost - 90,000.00 90,000.00 Net realisable value at splitoff point 75,000.00 249,910,000.00 249,985,000.00 Weights 0.00 1.00 Joint cost allocated 600.04 1,999,399.96 2,000,000.00 Depicting the gross margin for each product under each of the three methods: Gross profit margin of soda Sales value at split off Physical measure NRV Revenue 75,000.00 75,000.00 75,000.00 Cost of goods sold 666,666.67 1,200,000.00 600.04 Gross margin (591,666.67) (1,125,000.00) 74,399.96 Gross margin percentage -788.9% -1500.0% 99.2% Gross profit margin of Basalt Sales value at split off Physical measure NRV Revenue 250,000,000.00 250,000,000.00 250,000,000.00 Joint cost 1,333,333.33 800,000.00 1,999,399.96 Separable cost 90,000.00 90,000.00 90,000.00 Gross margin 248,576,666.67 249,110,000.00 247,910,600.04 Gross margin percentage 99.431% 99.644% 99.164% From the overall valuation of above measure adequate gross profit margin of both the product can be identified. In addition, gross profit margin is used in detecting the return, which could be generated from the overall product. In addition, the different type of methods is used in detecting the actual cost of the product and the return, which it could help in identifying profits from its operations. Khan, Garg Jain (2015) mentioned that net realizable value method allows the company to detect the actual cost incurred from the operations. Reference and Bibliography: Almarri, K., Blackwell, P. (2014). Improving risk sharing and investment appraisal for PPP procurement success in large green projects. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119, 847-856. Awojobi, O., Jenkins, G. P. (2016). Managing the cost overrun risks of hydroelectric dams: An application of reference class forecasting techniques.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,63, 19-32. Baum, A. E., Crosby, N. (2014).Property investment appraisal. John Wiley Sons. Brisley, R., Wylde, R., Lamb, R., Cooper, J., Sayers, P., Hall, J. (2016). Techniques for valuing adaptive capacity in flood risk management.Proceedings of the ICE-Water Management,169(2), 75-84. Crosby, N., Henneberry, J. (2016). Financialisation, the valuation of investment property and the urban built environment in the UK.Urban Studies,53(7), 1424-1441. Gotze, U., Northcott, D., Schuster, P. (2016).INVESTMENT APPRAISAL. SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN AN. Laird, J. J., Venables, A. J. (2017). Transport investment and economic performance: A framework for project appraisal.Transport Policy,56, 1-11. Li, F. G., Trutnevyte, E. (2017). Investment appraisal of cost-optimal and near-optimal pathways for the UK electricity sector transition to 2050.Applied energy,189, 89-109. Locatelli, G., Invernizzi, D. C., Mancini, M. (2016). Investment and risk appraisal in energy storage systems: A real options approach.Energy,104, 114-131. Khan, A., Garg, N. R., Jain, G. (2015). OPCL Coupling and Modified Projective Synchronization of Fractional order Differential Systems.International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT),5(5), 46-49.

The History of American Literature free essay sample

The same stories, fables, or belief structures were told repeatedly, each time Identical to the last, and were memorized by the listeners so they would be able to pass these on to the next generation. They also used pictures, carvings, or special mementos such as bones, teeth, feathers, or skins as reminders of great hunts or wars. If an entire tribe and all its descendants were killed off, the specific stories and history of that tribe would also be gone. Other tribes may speak of the first, but never in the same detail or with the same perspective as the original tribe members.Long before settlers arrived In America, explorers reported on their voyages to the continent. Italian explorer America Vesuvius provided some of the earliest European descriptions of the American continent. Before 1600 Sir Walter Raleigh, Richard Hackett, Thomas Harriet, and John White had published accounts of discoveries. The writings of Captain John Smith, an explorer whose travels took him up and down the eastern seaboard of America, represent a shift from exploration narrative toward early history. We will write a custom essay sample on The History of American Literature or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Early histories, however, were written mostly by settlers rather than by explorers. William Bradford, the first governor of the Plymouth Colony. Wrote his Of Plymouth Plantation from 1620 to 1647 . Another important historian of early America was Thomas Morton, whose New English Canaan used humor in portraying what he considered to be the overbearing and intolerant qualities of the Puritans . Histories of early America, especially in New England, were filled with references to the Bible and to Gods will. Nearly all events could be explained from this religious perspective: Foul weather and diseases were perceived as Gods wrath; a bountiful harvest represented Gods blessing.Given the Puritans relationship with God, It Is not surprising that sermons and other religious writings dominated literature in America in the 1 sass. John Cotton, Thomas Hooker, Roger Williams, and John Winthrop were among the most prominent religious writers. A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mary Rowland (1682). This work is a firsthand account by a colonist who was taken captive by Indians during King Phillips War. It presents a dramatic tale of suffering and of Railroadings efforts to make sense of that suffering. Her story became the model for a new genre of early American literature: captivity rarities.Such accounts became staples of American literature and eventually provided material for American fiction. While still religious in tone and purpose, captivity narratives emphasized the experiences of individuals. They also incorporated many of the fundamentals of fiction, making use of characters, dramatic action and setting. The Salem witch trials of 1692 were another period In early Massachusetts town resulted in the execution of 14 women and 6 men, Cotton Matters The Wonders of the Invisible World (1693) documented the events of the witch trials.Cotton Matter remained an important literary figure in the 18th century. His Magnolia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America, 1702) is a history of New England that celebrates the founding generation of Puritans. Like his earlier works, it is religious; however, its interest in the human side of the Puritan founders marked a new achievement in American literary history. Matters rewarding career included writings on science and medicine as well as theology and history. His Sentiments on the Small Pox Inoculated (1721) was instrumental in introducing the smallpox vaccine to New England.A new genre for American writers, the travel narrative, would become especially influential late in the sass. Travel narratives include Travels Through the Interior Parts of North America (1778) by Jonathan Carver and Travels Through North and South Carolina, Georgia, East and West Florida, the Cherokee Country, etc (1791) by William Bertram . Travel stories often blended observations on nature and landscape with tales of personal courage and achievement. The first American newspaper, the Boston News-Letter, was founded in 1704, and Joined by the Boston Gazette in 1719.At a time when swapper Journalism was concerned primarily with reporting political events, the New-England Currant, started by James Franklin in 1721, became the first newspaper to include literary entertainment. Franklins younger brother Benjamin Franklin published humorous social commentary in the Currant under the pen name of Silence Dogwood . Magazines also appeared for the first time in the colonies during the mid-sass. Before 1800 magazines were concerned primarily with measuring Americas developing culture against the British model. During the sass Boston and Philadelphia became centers of publishing in addition to being political and immemorial centers. Benjamin Franklin was key in establishing a writing community in Philadelphia. In 1727 he and a group of friends established a mens reading club in Philadelphia called the Junta . Members shared printed works and discussed topics of the day. Such reading and discussion clubs became an important part of American culture. Women organized literary circles in the sass and sass. These groups, known as salons, resembled mens reading clubs. They also encouraged members to compose their own work, mainly poetry, but very few of these works were preserved. By the mid-sass American writing was primarily political. In America the 18th century was known as the Age of Enlightenment. Americans held a growing belief in the supremacy of reason over church; they also stressed the importance of the individual and freedom over authorities and institutions. Americas great Enlightenment writers included Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Paine, and Thomas Jefferson, who also played important roles in the American Revolution.Thomas Paine became a leading figure in the cause of American independence with the pamphlet Common Sense (1776). This enormously popular political document stated that the American colonies received no advantage from Great Britain and that moon sense called for them to establish an independent republican government. Written in a straightforward style using the language of the common person, Common Sense was published Just months before the Declaration of Independence Great Britain could be settled peaceably.Paine shook this belief, making his readers feel that each person had the power and responsibility to participate in the revolution. The Declaration of Independence was a crucial achievement in both politics and American prose. It was structured in the form of an assertion that was then proven through specific examples. The declaration was written by a committee made up of Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Roger Sherman, and Robert R. Livingston, though Jefferson was ultimately responsible for most of the writing .The declaration and the Constitution of the United States (1787) were key statements of American freedom, but as collaborative documents they necessitated compromises to satisfy all of their authors. One of the most significant compromises was the absence of any mention of slavery. Slavery was unethical from the views of the American Revolution, but for the sake of unity with the Southern colonies, whose cotton) economy was rooted in slavery, no protest was made against it. A final flurry of political writing at the close of the century arose from the debate over ratification of the Constitution.Federalists supported the strong central government outlined in the Constitution, while an anti-Federalist faction opposed it. A series of essays supporting ratification was published in 1787 and 1788 and circulated in pamphlets. The essays, later published as The Federalist, were written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay . Slave narratives recorded another side of life in America. The Interesting Narrative f the Life of Aloud Equation, or Gustavo Vass, the African (1789) has long been considered an important African American text.American fiction was formally established after the American Revolution. The Power of Sympathy (1789), a tragic love story by William Hill Brown, is generally considered the first American novel . Another Literary milestone was Hannah Fosters The Coquette (1797), a novel in the form of letters, or an epistolary novel. Over the course of the 19th century the country progressed from an agricultural economy concentrated on the Eastern coast to an industrialized nation that spanned the continent. With the dramatic changes in the nation came dramatic changes in its literature.At the start of the sasss only a handful of novels had been written, but by mid-century American fiction rivaled the best in the world. Biography and history remained strong; religious writing, on the other hand, had substantially declined in importance. Among the first developments of the young nation was the realization that America had its own language and that American English differed from British English. Noah Webster, noting the unique American styles in language and literature, undertook the massive project of developing an American dictionary.He had already advocated changes in American spellings of English words in such writings as Dissertations on the English Language (1789) . Webster published his first dictionary in 1806. The first edition of his major work, American Dictionary of the English Language, came out in 1828. What made this work radical was his insistence on defining words based not only on traditional English usage but also on American variations in usage, called Americanism, and his inclusion of at least 12,000 new words not previously recognized by English dictionaries. Gaining independence also provided the United States with a history of its own. Samuel Millers A Brief Retrospect of the Revolution. Best known among these patriotic histories was the monumental ten- volume History of the United States (1834-1876) by George Bancroft, who is often called the father of American history . Americas westward expansion after the Louisiana Purchase generated a sizable collection of political writings, especially in light of manifest destiny belief that the countrys territorial expansion was not only inevitable but also divinely ordained.The term manifest destiny was coined by writer John Louis Sullivan in Annexation, an article that argued for the annexation of Texas and appeared in the July-August 1845 issue of United States Magazine and Democratic Review . The Native American experience began to be told in autobiography. William Apses was the first Native American to produce extensive writings in English. In A Son of the Forest (1829) he described his conversion to Christianity and his participation in the War of 1812 between the United States and The greatest development in American biography was the slave narrative.Britain . The tension produced by slavery in America had already become apparent by the Revolution, but it heightened considerably in the sass, right up until the American Civil War (1861-1865). Frederick Douglass created a masterpiece of the genre with Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (1845), a work that he revised and enlarged several times for later editions. While describing his life as a slave and his struggle toward freedom, Douglass emphasized the primary role that literacy played in opening opportunities for African Americans.He represented his ability to write his own story as the ultimate act of a free man . Harriet Jacobs offered a different but no less upsetting representation of slavery in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl ( 1861). In the book, Jacobs told of the sexual abuse experienced by young female slaves. During the late sass and early sass, romanticism was the dominant literary genre in Europe. In reaction to the Enlightenment and its emphasis on reason, romanticism used emotion and imagination. Until about 1870 romanticism influenced the major forms of American writings: transcendentalist writings, historical fiction, and sentimental fiction.In New England, an intellectual movement known as transcendentalism developed as an American version of romanticism. The movement began among an influential set f authors based in Concord, Massachusetts, and was led by Ralph Wald Emerson . Like romanticism, transcendentalism rejected both 18th-century rationalism and established religion, which for the transcendentalists meant Puritan traditions. The transcendentalists found their inspiration in nature and rejected materialism. Emerson essay Nature (1836) was the first major document of the transcendental school.His other key transcendentalist works include Self-Reliance (1841), an essay in which he stressed the importance of being true to ones own nature. Henry David Thoreau, a friend of Emerson, put transcendentalist ideas into action. Walden, or Life in the Woods (1854) is his Journal of a two-year experiment in living as simply and self-reliantly as possible in a small cabin that he built on the shores of Walden Pond, near Concord. His essay Civil Disobedience (1849) is a statement against government intimidation that records his short stay in Jail after he refused to pay a tax in support of the Mexican War (1846-1848).New England writer Nathaniel Hawthorne was a master of historical fiction. Influenced to some extent by Blithered Romance (1852) is loosely based on a transcendentalist experiment in manual living at Brook Farm. Still, Hawthorns work, with its deep ethical concern about sin, punishment, and atonement, is less optimistic than most transcendental writing. Hawthorne was a descendant of one of the Judges at the Salem witch trials, and he set many of his works in Puritan New England and during early crises in American history .The Scarlet Letter (1850), a story of rebellion within an emotionally constricted Puritan society, is an undisputed masterpiece in its powerful psychological insights. Mosses from an Old Manse (1846) collects some of his best horn stories and sketches, including Roger Melanins Burial and Young Goodman Herman Melville became a close friend of Hawthorns after Melville Brown. moved to Massachusetts in 1850. He worked on several whaling ships and lived life at sea. His early travel adventures brought Melville early success.Ironically, Melville popularity dropped after the publication of the book now considered a masterpiece of American fiction, Mob Dick (1851). Far removed from his earlier travel narratives, Mob Dick was dedicated to Hawthorne, and like Hawthorns work was darkly metaphysical, symbolic, and complex. The story of the captain of a whaling boat, ABA, and his relentless hunt for one whale, Mob Dick is also about the mysterious forces of the universe that overwhelm the individual who seeks to confront and struggle against them.Written in a powerful and varied narrative style, the book includes a magnificent sermon delivered before the ships sailing, monologues by the ships mates, and passages of a technical nature, such as a chapter about whales. While transcendentalism was deeply optimistic, celebrating human creativity and the beauty of nature, Hawthorne and Melville demonstrated that asking questions about he nature of the univer se could lead to answers showing the darker side of life. Edgar Allan Poe was another writer who inverted transcendentalist thoughts. In his disturbing prose and poetry, Poe explored the nature of humanity and frightened readers with what he found. His tales are obsessed with death, madness, and violence demonstrated in Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque (1840). Poe also invented the detective story with such works as The Murders in the Rue Morgue (1841) and The Purloined Letter (1844). The sentimental novel is a major form of American fiction that grew out of the responses of white writers to leaver.The most famous and historically most significant work of American sentimental fiction is Uncle Toms Cabin (1851) by Harriet Beechen Stows. Sentimental fiction aimed to stir up pity for the oppressed. In Stores novel and in novels that followed in this tradition, pity for the oppressed did not necessitate revolutionary change but rather called for an outpouring of Christian love. Sentimental fiction elicited this Christian sympathy from Northern white women in particular by demonstrating how the slave system violated the most basic bonds of humanity, such as that between mother and child.President Abraham Lincoln is credited with having greeted Stows with So youre the little woman who wrote the book that started this great war! Uncle Toms Cabin was powerful as propaganda and expressed the deep antislavery feelings of the North. Two movements became increasingly important in American fiction after the Civil War: regionalism and realism. As the country expanded in area and population, regional differences became more apparent and of Increasing arbitration and the expansion of the railroads had made more of the country accessible.Regional literature would do the same. Post-Civil War America was large and diverse enough to sense its own local differences. With increasing arbitration and more accessible transportation, small, rural communities became a subject o f literary interest. As early as 1820 America had developed a taste for fiction with specific, localized settings and topics. Toward mid-century, regional voices had emerged from newly settled territories in the South and to the west of the Appalachian Mountains. In many of these works local dialects, sayings, and spellings were used for humor.Tales of the West also became a popular form of regional rating and created frontier outlaws and heroes, such as Billy the Kid. These tales were especially suited to the short-story form. 1860 introduced dime novels;inexpensive tales with exciting plots intended for popular entertainment . The first dime novels were set during key events of early American history such as the Revolutionary War, but plots soon incorporated frontier lore, conflicts between cowboys and Indians, and the taming of the West for white settlement. Dime novels may be seen as precursors of the Western, a genre that would reach the height of its popularity in the first half of the 20th century. Ever since even before the White man set foot on this continent, America has had its own way of written communication. Everything from politics, religion, westward expansion, wars, and technology has altered and improved literature. Our society has shifted from taking influences from other societies writings, to being influential.Many social issues still greatly impact literature even today; everything from wars, celebrity gossip, science fiction adventures, real life traumas, and talking animals can result in the newest book on top the Best Seller List. Amidst the downward tendency and proneness of hinges, when every voice is raised for a new road or another statute, or a subscription of stock, for an improvement in dress, or in dentistry, for a new house or a larger business, for a political party, or the division of an estate, 0 will yo u not tolerate one or two solitary voices in the land, speaking for thoughts and principles not marketable or perishable?

USDA essays

USDA essays USDA www.usda.gov History: In 1862 Abraham Lincoln founded the US Department of Agriculture, he named it the peoples Department. During Lincolns time, 48 percent of the peopls were farmers. These farmers needed god seeds and inofrmation for growing their crops. The USDA today, continues Lincolns legacy by doing their best to serve all Americans. Jobs: The USDA is committed to helping Farmers and Ranchers , but along with lending a helping hand to these people, the USDA does much more. The USDA provides WIC Programs such as Food Stamps, School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs to lead the Federal anti-hunger effort. The USDA is the provider of our nations 192 million acres of national forests and rangelands. The USDA is the countrys largest conservation agency, and encourages voluntary efforts to help protect soil, wildlife and water. Housing, safe drinking water and modern telecommunications are all brought to us by the USDA. Meat, poultry and egg products are inspected for our consumption by the USDA. The Mission of the USDA is to enhance the quality of life for the American people by supporting the production of agriculture. The USDA does their best to aquaire this by ensuring a safe, affordable, nutrious and accessible food supply. They care for the agriculture, forsets, and range lands. The USDA works to reduce hunger in America and throughout the world. In Charge: Ann M. Veneman is the women un charge of the USDA. Answers/Reports To: The USDA answers directly to the President of United States of America. Safeguarding: In order to safeguard our food the USDA has been developing new methods in order to give us safe and healthy meat, poultry and egg p ...

Economics of Race and Gender Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economics of Race and Gender - Essay Example This in turn, affects business, politics, and consumption. For many years, economics of race and gender has been a core issue whereby traditionally, women were permitted to perform household chores (Kim, pg 63). Since time immemorial, women’s contribution to the society was limited, and mostly controlled by men. However, women’s role has changed tremendously with time, and they are standing tall to demand their rights politically, socially, and economically. As a result, women are playing a vital role in economical status. In reality, more women are entering into the stock market more than ever before. Amazingly, the automobile industry is responding positively to designing cars for women for instance the Volvo car (Jayson 1). On the other hand, men are taking more traditional roles that were meant for women such as cooking. With no doubt; the icon for a woman in 1950s was a domesticated mother and a housewife who cleaned, cooked, and took care of her family. Nevertheless, in the 21st Century, women possess the role as mothers, wife, domestic organizer, and career. Overall, the role of women is changing as they are going into better paid jobs, and eventually men are forced to share household responsibilities (Jayson 1). This would mean an increase in job opportunities for women and men in that, one party can work longer while the other party looks after children or other family chores. With this in mind, the following paper aims at discussing Economics of race and gender, and discussing this, it will evaluate how roles in the household have changed tremendously (Burnette, 332). In the article entitled, Family life, roles changing as couples seek balance Jayson argues that, gender roles have altered for the last decades in that, men play a greater role in the domestic life as women emerge into the labor market (Jayson 1). In the 21st century, there is a division of labor between women and men commonly

Frustration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Frustration - Essay Example The discussion in this paper is intended to be inclined to the case AS v Wijsmuller BV (The Super Servant Two), [1989] EWCA Civ 6, [1990]. The doctrine of Frustration under the contract law intends to reveal a number of propositions contextualized in the case AS v Wijsmuller BV. Some of these propositions include evolving to ease the rigor of the common law’s avowal on factual performance of unlimited promises, outcome of frustration to end the contract and an event must occur without a liability on the side of the party seeking to depend on it2. The Purpose of this paper is to analyze the statement â€Å"Since the consequence of frustration is to eradicate the contract and eject the parties from supplementary burden under it, the doctrine is not to be unconscientiously invoked, but must be kept inside much contracted limits and ought not to be unmitigated†. The discussion in this paper is intended to be inclined to the case AS v Wijsmuller BV The doctrine of frustratio n exhibits complexity when determining the cases in this context3. Some of the examples of frustration include destruction of the specific object, which is fundamental for execution of the contract, personal incapability, and non-occurrence of a particular event, state interference, delay and supervening illegality4. For the case of the AS v Wijsmuller BV (The Super Servant Two), [1989] EWCA Civ 6, [1990], the aspect of frustration is inclined to personal incapability, destruction of the specific object and supervening an illegality5. This case remains one of the landmark rulings in the history of contract law practice. The aspect of liability when considering the frustration doctrine creates a concern of narrow limits because of numerous reasons. For instance, the express provision for frustration is limited to the scope of not superseding over the express contractual provision for the exasperating occurrence. In fact, it becomes difficult to ascertain the extent of a frustrating e vent, particularly when its occurrence is inclined to the self-inducement and foreseeability of the event6. In essence, the narrow limits of the frustrating events should be a fundamental consideration in the endeavor to minimize the extent of frustration effects. This study reveals that the effects of contract frustration can only remain relevant if the doctrine is applicable. The aspect of causation forms the epicenter of argument in this case. It is notable that, the contract undergoes frustration when Wijsmuller submitted a fortnight later that, the contact could not be performed. The question of causation is evident and any judge would consider a case in which a seller is in a position to aver the defense of a clause, which defends him in situations where fulfillment is stalled by the exempt threat7. The consequent delivery of his accessible stock to other clientele will not be considered as autonomous cause of inadequacy, as long as when making such delivery the seller acted i n a reasonable manner in all situations of the case. This consideration should be kept within narrow limits to avoid unwarranted liability. Considering that, Dan King contract had been accorded carriage by Super Servant Two without a substitute and in the event that, the vessel had been lost before the time of carriage, then with ultimate assumption of non- negligence by Wijsmuller, it is probable that, the con

Energy & capability Essay Example for Free

Energy capability Essay Energy has been defined as the capability to produce an effect, it can be stored within a system and can be transferred from one system to another and use it in our everyday life. Generally, countries around the world benefited most their energy consumption from oil. Unfortunately, oil crisis affects every nation since producers and sellers monopolize its price as well as its production but apparent drawbacks are expected due to depletion of oil reserves and environmental pollution. The United States merely consumes one-fifth of the world’s oil produced and 35% of it utilize for transportation hence oil importation ought to resolve through alternative energy utilization. It is good to hear that researches and new technologies of alternative energy production and usage have been recently prioritized by the government. There’s only one way to insulate the US from the corrosive power of oil, and that’s to develop an alternative energy resource that’s readily available domestically: hydrogen . Hydrogen is the simplest, most abundant element and it is lighter than air and can be found in the atmosphere in an insoluble substance gas. It is only available on earth in a compound state like water (H2O), coal, petroleum and methane (CH4). It has the highest energy content of any common fuel by weight (about three times more than gasoline), but the lowest energy content by volume (about four times less than gasoline), an energy carrier and derivative of other chemicals that can be produced from a variety of resources (water, fossil fuels, biomass) . Hydrogen can be extracted with no environmental pollution effects through â€Å"steam reforming in which natural gas reacts chemically with steam to produce hydrogen and CO2, electrolysis which splits water into hydrogen and oxygen and the latest discoveries from cultured microbes that emits hydrogen , all require expensive financial support from the government. The fuel cell is an electrochemical devise that can continuously convert chemical energy into electrical energy of power as long as fuel and a reactant are supplied hence chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in a fuel cell create electricity leaving only water as byproduct unlike internal combustion engines that also generate carbon monoxides hazardous to man and environment as well. Hydrogen often described as the perfect fuel for it does not explode, environment-friendly exploitation and exhaustible major reserve of water will never run out of hydrogen however, considerable amount of energy is needed for steady production of hydrogen. The higher temperature fuel cells can reform natural gas for instance, gaseous hydrogen must be compressed and stored in tolerable high pressure tank to hold enough fuel for travel while liquid hydrogen demands more than -4000F for refrigeration both require high temperatures for fuel to recuperate. Adoption of hydrogen technology should settle first the hydrogen fuel-tank problem, mass production of fuel cell vehicles, alter fueling infrastructure to hydrogen, intensify hydrogen production and public campaign to sell the hydrogen economy . Indeed, importation of fuels can be minimized plus pollution free environment consequently upsurge economic growth. BIBLIOGRAPHY Richard Sonntag Claus Borgnakke. Fundamentals of Thermodynamics 6th ed. (New York: John Wiley Sons, 2004), p21 Joann Jovinelly. Oil : The Economics of Fuel. (New York : The Rosen Publishing Group, 2008). Peter Schwartz Doug Randall. How Hydrogen Can Save America. Wired, April 11, 2009, http://www. wired. com/wired/archive/11. 04/hydrogen. html? pg=1topic=topic_set= Edward Cummings ed. The Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 12. (Danbury, Connecticut: Grolier International, 2002). Energy Information Administration. Hydrogen. October 2008, http://www. eia. doe. gov Greg Bolt. From Microbes to Hydrogen Fuel. Physorg. com, March 24, 2009, http://www/physorg. com/news157140535. html Kurt C. Rolle. Thermodynamics and Heat Power 6th ed. (New Jersey: Pearson Education, 2005), p593 Bryan Woodbury. Hydrogen the Perfect Fuel. 1997, http://www. commutercars. com/h2/

Two Sides Essay -- essays research papers

Pablo Neruda’s Sonnet XLIV â€Å"You Must Know That I Do Not Love And That I Love You† clearly illustrates that love has two sides. Neruda uses the text as an example throughout his poem to explain that love has two sides. These two sides are that he loves and that he does not love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This is explained through Neruda’s words:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You must know that I do not love and that I love you,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  because everything alive has its two sides;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a word is one wing of silence,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  fire has its cold half. (107) This statement separates Neruda’s poem into two parts. Neruda clearly explains that everything has two sides. One of the examples that Neruda uses is the fire having its cold half. Neruda is saying that the fire is hot but at the same time it can give a cold feeling. The point of this poem is that love has two sides. Neruda explains, in my understanding, the sides of love are that he loves her with his entire heart but does not love her enough to marry or commit to her.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"And† is the most valuable word in Neruda’s poem. â€Å"And† is used to describe the different ways that he loves and does not love. This is more clearly explained in three passages. The first: â€Å"You must know that I do not love and that I love you.† (107) The word â€Å"and† in this line tells the reader that Neruda loves but also does not love. The second: â€Å"to start inf...

Threat of Substitutes Product

2. 0 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES PRODUCTS 3. 1 Switching costs Switching cost is a negative cost that consumers get regarding to the changing suppliers, brands, or products (Investopedia 2012). There are four different methods of switching costs that involve when substituting to another product. The four different methods are learning cost, opportunity cost, implementation cost, and conversion cost. Each method has own different values, however these cost does not involved to the electronic industry (Lash 2010). For people that willing to substitute to another brand usually they spend more time looking for the product that they like.For example, shopping in physical store and shopping in online store, both of it need a lot of time to looking for the item that they want and sometimes people waste their leisure time just in order to browsing around searching for substituting product. It also involved money on it, for substituting product we need to compare price between one and another produ ct. 3. 2 Buyer loyalty Buyer or consumer loyalty is about how to attract consumers and potential consumer in order to making them buy, buy often, buy in higher amount and also bring consumers to us, such as their relatives or friends (CostumerLoyalty 2011).Building a consumer loyalty should be the main focus in order to having a mutual relationship with consumers in a long term. There is many way to building the consumer loyalty such as, keep in touch with email marketing, care and remembering what the consumers like and don’t like, and give them reward. In the electronic industry, consumer loyalty is the most important role. It is important because when the brand is already proofed, tested as a high technology, good quality, materials and already well known, they will always come back and shop for the same brand because they know they fit, believe, and know that brand.For example, in Australia, an iPad sales has hit more than 250,000 (Colley 2010), it happen because Australi a people already know about the quality of the Apple product such as the booming of iPhone, iMac, Macbook, etc. 3. 3 Analysis Analyzing from the above, normally when people purchased a new stuff from electronic brand, people will buy additional accessories launched a new sensational tablet, they will manage Analysing from the statements above, it is more likely for one person to buy more types of apparel if that additional apparel will compliment the look of the buyer even more.Normally when a fashion brand launched a new seasonal fashion line, they tend to make complimentary items to match with the outfit, and these items could be belts, shoes, necklaces, etc. Customers tend to purchase these complimentary products because these accessories are normally priced at a small fraction compared to the outfit and looks even better with the attached products. In addition to this, Walters (1991) also adds that the main concept of promotion is also to stimulate purchases on non-promoted comp liments to the promoted items.

Chinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart - 871 Words

In Chinua Achebe s novel Things Fall Apart, a well-known aphorism, pride goes before a fall, was used. I agreed with and supported this statement. The story line itself backed up this statement as well. Through Okonkwo s hard work he became a great man with a sense of pride and haughtiness, who then suffered a loss of pride, which ultimately led to his down fall and his own suicide. This book went along with the commonly stated clichà ©. In addition to that, there was a widely known joke that went well with this. One day there was an airplane pilot flying Bill Clinton, Bill Gates, Bill (a kid), and Billy Gram. Something went wrong with the plane, so it had to be abandoned. The airplane pilot strapped on a parachute and said to them, there is only four parachutes but I am taking one. Bill Clinton grabbed the second one and said, I am the most important man and my country needs me so I am taking one too. Then, Bill Gates grabbed the third one and said, I am the smartest man in the world and my people need me. So, Bill (a kid) was just looking... at the fourth parachute and Billy Gram said to him, I am an old man and you are young, you have your whole life ahead of you, take the last parachute. Finally, Bill (a kid) looked up at him and said, I was not thinking about that, it s just that the smartest man in the world took my backpack. As you saw from the book and the joke, both Okonkwo, and Bill Gates were full of prejudice pride. They thought theyShow MoreRelatedChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1719 Words   |  7 PagesThings fall apart is a classic novel written around the turn of the century, the novel focuses on the protagonist who we can also call a hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo is a wealthy and respected leader within the Igbo tribe of Umuofia in eastern Nigeria. Strong individual with a passionate belief in all the values and traditions of his people. Chinua Achebe presents Okonkwo as a particular kind of tragic protagonist, a great man who carries the fate of his people. Okonkwo is a man who is inflexible andRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1033 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Chinua Achebe is a famous Nigerian novelist in worldwide. Things fall apart is Chinua Achebe’s first novel published in 1958, the year after Ghana became the first African nation to gain independence. And this novel is one of the first African novels to gain worldwide recognition. (Phil Mongredien, 2010) This novel presents people a story of an African Igbo tribal hero, Okonkwo, from his growth to death. The fate of Okonkwo also indicates the fate of Africa caused by the colonizationRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart883 Words   |  4 Pagesdehumanize the native population and convince themselves that they are helping. Chinua Achebe’s book Things Fall Apart attempts to correct these misguided views of African societies by portraying a more complex culture that values peace, and the art of conversation. Achebe also tries to portray the idea that not all European people they come in contact with are aggressive, and misconstrued in their view of the African societ ies. Achebe tries to show us the value of his society through repeated views into conversationsRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1410 Words   |  6 PagesTeddy Manfre Ms. Blass ENG 209-001 April 24, 2017 Things Fall Apart In 1958, Chinua Achebe a famous Nigerian author publishes one of his most famous novels Things Fall Apart. The novel takes place in a Nigerian village called Umuofia. During the time that this novel is published Nigeria is being criticized by the Europeans for being uncivilized. In response, Achebe uses his brilliance in this novel to express the valued history of his people to his audience. His focus in the novel is on the pre-colonizedRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1015 Words   |  5 PagesIn his novel Things Fall Apart, author Chinua Achebe utilizes his distinctive writing style in order to accurately capture the culture and customs of the Igbo people despite writing his story in a foreign language. Five aspects of Achebe’s style that make his writing unique is the straightforward diction present in dialogue, the inclusion of native parables convey Igbo life authentically, the inclusion of native Igbo words and phrases, detailed descriptions of nature and the usage of figurative languageRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1702 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: Things Fall Apart Biographical information about the author: Chinua Achebe was born in Nigeria in 1930. He had an early career as a radio host, and later became the Senior Research Fellow at the University of Nigeria. After moving to America, he became an English professor at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Achebe has won numerous awards for his poetry and fiction, including the Man Booker prize and Commonwealth Poetry Price. He currently teaches at Bard College. Author: Chinua AchebeRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesCulture is an Important Element of Society Chinua Achebe is the author of when Things Fall Apart while Joseph Conrad authored Heart of Darkness. Conrad and Achebe set their individual titles in Africa; Achebe is an African writer whereas Conrad is Polish-British. The authors draw strength from their backgrounds to validity the authenticity of their fictional novels. Conrad writes from his experiences in the British and French navies while Achebe uses his African heritage. The theme of culture isRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1248 Words   |  5 PagesChris Lowndes Ms. Cook A.P.L.C. 21 October 2015 We Are Family: Hardships in One s Family in Things Fall Apart Specific attributes correlate with each other to help create or not create the ideal strong family. However, through those attributes arise conflicts and major disputes. This issue of trying to achieve and create a strong family is of immense importance in one’s life, especially in Chinua Achebe’s, Things Fall Apart, a milestone in African literature. For instance, the father leaves his legacyRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1682 Words   |  7 Pagescertain degree of the priest class, libation, holidays, creation stories, divine systems of punishments and rewards. In the novel, Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe, is a story of tragic fall of a protagonist and the Igbo culture. Achebe demonstrates different examples and situations of where an African culture, in the instances of tribal religions, did certain things because of their tradition is and the way they developed into. African cultures pondered life mysteries and articulated theirRead Mo reChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1314 Words   |  6 PagesChinua Achebe masterpiece â€Å"Things Fall Apart† (1959) is the classic story of Okonkwo, a young man who strives to be revered by his village and family but because of his own internal character flaws meets his own demise. In the Igbo culture, family traditions are an important narrative throughout the novel. Okonkwo, the protagonist character of this story, begins with many attributes of what would be concluded as a hero with his cultural society. He is hard working, a material provider, feared and